Is the Son God?
Yes. The Son is eternally begotten of the Father, God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, of one Being with the Father.
Catechism for the Global Methodist Church, question 8
22All things have been handed over to me by my Father, and no one knows who the Son is except the Father, or who the Father is except the Son and anyone to whom the Son chooses to reveal him.
1In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 14And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us; we have seen his glory, the glory as of the unique one from the father, full of grace and truth. 18No one has ever seen God; the unique God, who is at the father's side, has made him known.
12Again therefore Jesus spoke to them, saying, "I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will certainly not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life."
30I and the Father are one.
6Who, existing in the form of God, did not consider equality with God a thing to be grasped.
15who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation 19because in him all the fullness was pleased to dwell
9For in him all the fullness of deity dwells bodily.
1God spoke to the fathers in the prophets little by little and in many ways of old. 2In these last days he has spoken to us in a Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, through whom he also made the ages. 3Who being the radiance of his glory and the reproduction of his essence, and bearing all things by the declaration of his power, after making cleansing of sins, sat down at the right of the Majesty on high. 4Having become so much greater than the angels as he has inherited a more excellent name than they. 5For to which of the angels did he ever say, 'You are my Son; today I have begotten you'? Or again, 'I will be his Father, and he will be my Son'?
This question asks whether the Son confessed in Question 7 is God, and the catechism answers with the creed's longest clause, the one the Council of Nicaea wrote in 325 against the teaching that the Son was a creature: "eternally begotten of the Father, God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, of one Being with the Father." Article II of the Articles of Religion states the same doctrine: the Son is "the very and eternal God, of one substance with the Father." Article II of the Confession of Faith calls him "truly God and truly man."
The words begotten, not made separate the Son from every creature. A creature is made from nothing; the Son is begotten from the Father's own being, and Hebrews applies the psalm to him: "You are my Son; today I have begotten you" (Hebrews 1:5). The same chapter calls him "the radiance of his glory and the reproduction of his essence" (Hebrews 1:3), which is the scriptural root of Light from Light. Jesus used the image himself: "I am the light of the world" (John 8:12). Eternally means there was never a time when the Son was not. John's Gospel opens before creation: "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God" (John 1:1).
Of one Being with the Father translates the Greek word the council chose, homoousios, and Jesus stated it in four words: "I and the Father are one" (John 10:30). Paul says that he existed "in the form of God" (Philippians 2:6), that he is "the image of the invisible God" (Colossians 1:15), and that "in him all the fullness of deity dwells bodily" (Colossians 2:9). Luke records Jesus claiming a knowledge of the Father only an equal could have: "no one knows who the Son is except the Father, or who the Father is except the Son" (Luke 10:22). True God from true God denies any lesser or secondary divinity. John calls him "the unique God, who is at the father's side" (John 1:18).
This doctrine is why a Methodist can worship Jesus without idolatry and trust his promises without reservation. Charles Wesley's hymns address Christ directly as God, and the church's prayers are offered through him because he is of one Being with the Father. The Word who was God "became flesh and dwelt among us" (John 1:14), and the next questions of the catechism take up what he did among us.